Even though a toothache doesn’t always mean you have a cavity, it helps to know other cavity symptoms, what else might be causing the pain, and when to see a dentist.
What Does Tooth Pain Mean?
When people get a toothache, they often wonder, “Do I have a cavity?” While a toothache may mean you have a cavity, it is not always the case. Tooth pain can happen for many reasons, so it is important to figure out what is causing the ache.
Tooth pain, or a toothache, is discomfort that occurs in or around a tooth. It can be sharp, throbbing, or dull, and the cause might not always be obvious. While some toothaches are caused by cavities, this is not always the case. There are a variety of conditions that can lead to tooth pain, such as gum disease, tooth sensitivity, or even an abscess.
Some of the most common causes of toothaches and dental pain include:
Cavities
Cavities are very common. Almost all adults have at least one, so it makes sense that they are often the source of a toothache. The cause of cavities is usually the result of plaque buildup on the patient’s teeth. Plaque forms when bacteria feed on sugars in the mouth. Over time, this plaque can weaken the tooth enamel, leading to holes or decay, known as cavities.
The deeper the cavity goes, the more likely it is to cause pain, especially when biting down or eating or drinking hot, cold, or sweet foods.
Gum Disease
Gum disease, also known as gingivitis, can also be a source of tooth pain. It happens when plaque builds up on the teeth and gums. If plaque is not removed properly by brushing and flossing, it can cause the gums to become swollen, red, and painful. In more severe cases, gum disease can progress to periodontitis, which can lead to tooth pain as the infection spreads deeper into the gums and bone.
Tooth Sensitivity
Sometimes, tooth pain is due to tooth sensitivity, which occurs when the tooth’s enamel becomes worn down. This exposes the dentin, the softer layer beneath the enamel, making the tooth more sensitive to hot, cold, and sweet foods. Patients experiencing tooth sensitivity may notice pain when consuming hot or cold foods or drinks, but the pain is usually temporary and less intense than pain from a cavity.
Tooth Abscess
A tooth abscess is a painful infection that can develop at the root of a tooth or in the gums. It happens when bacteria enter the tooth, causing an infection. The infection can cause severe pain, swelling, and sometimes fever. An abscess requires prompt professional attention to prevent the infection from spreading to other parts of the body. A dentist will most likely need to perform a root canal and prescribe antibiotics to clear the infection.
Cracked Tooth
A cracked tooth can also lead to tooth pain. Cracks may develop from biting something hard, trauma, or even from teeth grinding. If a tooth is cracked, it can cause pain, especially when chewing or biting down.
Symptoms of a Cavity
While a toothache can be a symptom of a cavity, it is usually not the only sign. Other symptoms of a cavity include:
- Hole or pit: If there is a visible hole or black spot on the sore tooth, it may be a cavity
- Sensitivity to temperature: Sensitivity to hot or cold foods and drinks may indicate decay
- Pain when biting or chewing: Pain when biting or chewing may be a sign of a cavity
- Frequent bad breath: Cavities can trap bacteria that cause unpleasant odors
If a patient has any of these symptoms, they should see a dentist sooner rather than later. That said, cavities may not always cause symptoms, especially in the early stages. Detecting them early allows for treatment with less discomfort and lower costs. That is why regular dental checkups play a crucial role in maintaining a healthy smile.
When Should You See a Dentist?
If a patient is experiencing tooth pain and suspects a cavity, they should see a dentist as soon as possible. While toothaches do not always mean a cavity, it is important to get a professional evaluation to rule out any serious issues. Here are some signs that it is time to visit the dentist:
- Toothache does not go away: If discomfort is not relieved by pain medicines, or if the pain doesn’t go away after a day or two, it is time to make an appointment
- Pain when eating or drinking: If the pain is worse when eating or drinking something hot, cold, or sweet, it could be a sign of a cavity or another dental problem
- Swelling or pus: If there is swelling on the jaw or a pocket of pus near the tooth, it could indicate an abscess or infection, which requires professional care
- Bleeding gums: Gums that bleed during brushing or flossing can indicate gum disease, which needs to be addressed by a dentist
Cavities do not go away on their own. If a cavity is not treated, it can get worse over time. As the decay spreads deeper into the tooth, it can reach the nerves, causing intense pain and possibly an infection. If the infection spreads, the patient may need a root canal or even a tooth extraction. It’s best to treat cavities early to avoid these complications.
Though a cavity is not always the cause of a toothache, cavities are one of the most common causes of dental pain. They should be treated by a dentist as soon as possible. If a patient is unsure about the cause of their tooth pain, it’s always a good idea to visit the dentist for a professional diagnosis.
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